Roman de la Rose, Princeton Garrett 126, miniature, column, fol. 146r, detail, mid 14th century, parchment, Île-de-France, Paris
Scene, Venus attacking Castle -- Venus, wearing garment, with bow shoots torch at castle with closed gate decorated with ironwork. Scene against diapered background within frame of miniature decorated with tendrils in right column.
In bottom of left column, rubric caption of scene, CI COMME VENUS TRAIT OU CHASTEL I BRANDON DE FEU POR EMBRASER CEULZ QUI SONT DEDENZ.Below miniature in right column, initial L decorated with foliate ornament and tendrils, at beginning of text, LORS FU VENUS HAUT SECOURCIEE / BIEN SAMBLA ESTRE COUROUCIEE ...
Le Roman de la Rose attributed to Jean de Meun is one of the most important medieval texts. Unlike so many texts there are dozens of manuscripts extant of Roman de la Rose. Several scholars have tried to attribute the allegories in this tale to La Dame a la Licorne, but in my mind, they aren't convincing arguments.
In this illumination I love Venus' languid, elegant form, the representational architecture and especially the initial L.
Psalter, initial D. fol.55v, whole page, c. 1300, parchment, English. Love the decorations filling in the blank spaces, classic medieval horror vacui.

Language: Latin
Script: Gothic, textura semiquadrataPsalm 081 (Vulg., 080).
David and Musicians -- David, crowned, sits on bench, with hammer in each hand playing four bells suspended above, beside musician, wearing fillet, with bow playing viol.
Scene against gold background, within initial E decorated with patterned spandrels.
Initial E, Incipit; OT, Psalm 081:01 (Vulg., 080:02); EXULTATE DEO ADIUTORI NOSTRO IUBILATE ...., Latin
So interesting to explore images of music and music makers in medieval manuscripts, and of course, here related to David.
Missal, intial P, fol. 52v, whole page, Venetian, 1350-1374, parchment. As I understand it, velum is made of unborn calfskin, and parchment is from lambs, goats or calves. Similar creation processes, however. This detail smacks very Italian to me.

Missal, initial M, fol. 213v, whole page, c. 1300, French Dominican Convent
Script: Gothic, textura quadrataApostle, Andrew: Crucifixion -- Two executioners, one wearing cap, bind arms and legs of Andrew to horizontal cross.Scene against gold background, within initial M decorated with foliate ornament, and with marginal foliate extensions.
Beginning of Introit for Mass of Apostle Andrew.
Initial M, Rubric; IN DIE OFFICIUM, Latin
Initial M, Incipit; MICHI AUTEM NIMIS HONORATI SUNT AMICI TUI DEUS ...., Latin
Written and illuminated in Paris in the early 14th century for a Dominican nunnery, as so indicated on f. 349v: Rubric at end of 2nd responsory of the burial service, Ibi debemus flectere genua sed tantum pro sorore nostra, followed by Domine miserere super peccatrice.
The information about these pieces and the images are from ArtStor.





I love Venus' languid form too. It's interesting to see Venus clothed here (those modest Middle Agers!); what a stark contrast from Greek/Roman and Renaissance art, where she is practically identified by her nude body.
ReplyDeleteP.S. Do you know if Venus is an actual manifestation of the Classical goddess? I read that Venus is a personification of carnal love in this manuscript, and I'm wondering what kind of ties were maintained between this manuscript and Classical mythology. Did the medieval Venus morph into a personification of carnal love, with hardly any ties to the mythological goddess?
ReplyDeleteI'm really glad Monica included the link to your site, Shelley! I think I had missed the announcement that you were doing this. It made me so happy to see a post on Viking art! And even more so on the Jelling Stone! I took a grad class on patronage and did my research on Harald Bluetooth, his descendants and their building campaign in Denmark. I made sure to include a section on the Jelling stone. I think it's the one class during my 2 years of graduate study where I didn't research Holbein. It was sooo nice!
ReplyDeleteI think this Venus is a conglomeration of the classical goddess, carnal love, and the popular medieval ideas on chivalry. Romance of the Rose was an allegorical love story in which the hero fights to win his 'rose,' and in the end vanquishes his many enemies and enters in to her "castle," a thinly veiled allusion to sexuality.
ReplyDeleteSo glad I have some readers for this blog! This is the hardest blog to keep up, but I love it.